Science+of+bees


 * __Bees and the Science of Bee Keeping__**

1. “The queen is the largest bee in the colony and she is the only one that lays eggs .Drones are male bees. They do not work or sting. Their only job is to mate with a queen bee so that she can lay eggs. Nest builder bees are female and do all the work. There are about 55,000 worker bees in a colony. They produce wax and shape it into hexagonal cells called comb. Comb is very thin but the hexagons make it very strong.” Sydenham & Thomas, //Bees//. [Online] www.kidcyber.com.au (2001)

Nurse bees take care of the larvae and make sure they’re healthy. The mortician bee disposes of the bodies of dead bees. Field bees are the ones that collect pollen, while attendant bees make it into honey. Scout bees are the ones that look out for any possible danger to the hive, in the event that danger is present, the scout bee will fly back and warn the hive. 2. A swarm is when a hive is attacking as one in an attempt to kill whatever is threatening the hive. An easy way to avoid a swarm is to stay away from bees.

3. "Honeybees use nectar to make honey. Nectar is almost 80% water with some complex sugars. In fact, if you have ever pulled a honeysuckle blossom out of its stem, nectar is the clear liquid that drops from the end of the blossom. In North America, bees get nectar from flowers like clovers, dandelions, berry bushes and fruit tree blossoms. They use their long, tubelike tongues like straws to suck the nectar out of the flowers and they store it in their "honey stomachs". Bees actually have two stomachs, their honey stomach which they use like a nectar backpack and their regular stomach. The honey stomach holds almost 70 mg of nectar and when full, it weighs almost as much as the bee does. Honeybees must visit between 100 and 1500 flowers in order to fill their honeystomachs. The honeybees return to the hive and pass the nectar onto other worker bees. These bees suck the nectar from the honeybee's stomach through their mouths. These "house bees" "chew" the nectar for about half an hour. During this time, enzymes are breaking the complex sugars in the nectar into simple sugars so that it is both more digestible for the bees and less likely to be attacked by bacteria while it is stored within the hive. The bees then spread the nectar throughout the honeycombs where water evaporates from it, making it a thicker syrup. The bees make the nectar dry even faster by fanning it with their wings. Once the honey is gooey enough, the bees seal off the cell of the honeycomb with a plug of wax. The honey is stored until it is eaten. In one year, a colony of bees eats between 120 and 200 pounds of honey.["http://www.pa.msu.edu/sciencet/ask_st/073097.html]

5. The honeys from bees is made from nectar and flowers by cross pollination. The honey in supermarkets they put in extra sugar, fiber, sodium, carbohydrate, and protein.. Therefore, they are made completely different and are not the same. ** Comb honey ** is honey that is sold as it was produced—in the honey bees’ wax comb. The comb is edible as well. ** Cut comb honey or chunk honey ** is liquid honey that has added chunks of the honey comb in the jar. Also known as liquid-cut comb combination. ** Creamed ** is brought to market in a crystal kind of state (crystallize). While all honey will crystallize creamed honey is intentionally crystallize by a controlled process at room temperature. It makes the honey smooth like butter. 6. Bee’s sting contains venom. Bee’s sting if they are frightened or feel harmed. Histamine is found in higher concentrations in skin, lungs, and stomach mucosa. The release of histamine from the mast cells is usually triggered by skin disruption, i.e. bee sting. Histamine is a potent arterial dilator. Individuals therefore can become hypertensive (lowering of blood pressure) and may pass out. In the lungs you see bronchial constriction, therefore difficulty breathing, wheezing, and in severe cases respiratory collapse.

IF STUNG:


 * 1) Pull stinger out.
 * 2) Cool or ice spot.
 * 3) Diphenhydramne (Benadryl) should be given to decrease minimal allergic reactions.
 * 4) If a severe allergic reaction occurs, you must transport immediately and resort to basic life support.

"Who Is Killing Nature's Precious Bees?" //Treehugger//. A Discovery Company. Web. [].

7. **Excessive heat** can have detrimental effects on the nutritional value of honey. When a bee colony loses a queen -- say, she's accidentally killed -- the worker bees notice the absence of a chemical she produces called a "pheromone." In response to the absence of the queen's scent, the workers begin a process of "emergency queen rearing." They start building queen-size rearing chambers for about ten to twenty young female larvae. The process of royal succession is similar if the queen is dying of old age. As she ages, the queen produces less pheromones. The decline in pheromone concentration signals the workers to start building queen-size cells. The queen herself lays the eggs of her potential successors into these cells. Ordinarily, these eggs would hatch into female larvae who would grow up as workers. But since they're inside special larger, vertically-oriented cells, the workers know to feed these princesses a special food called "royal jelly." This diet creates a fertile queen rather than a sterile worker.

8. People who are allergic to pollen should try to avoid eating honey. “Commercially produced honey is filtered and pasteurized (sometimes even diluted with syrup, hence the amount of bee pollen the honey is probably low. However, bee products such as propolis, royal jelly and example eating honey straight from honeycomb) probably have to be avoided by people who are sensitive to bee pollens, as nobody could really guarantee its absence in those bee products. And if you are concerned about honey allergy issues, please do consult your doctor.” Health benefits: The benefits of honey go beyond its great taste, A great natural source of carbohydrates which provide strength and energy to our bodies, honey is known for its effectiveness in instantly boosting the performance, endurance and reduce muscle fatigue of athletes.

9. **__What food products contain honey?__** Today, honey is a great natural sweetener in many foods. Some popular foods are, honey nut cheerios, honey bunches of oats, and honey comb cereal. Notice that they are all cereals, and what do cereals usually go with? Milk. Milk and honey taken together has been proven to be highly beneficial for the body. Milk has been proven to, “improve peoples stamina” (Skin care).                 Aside from foods that have honey as a sole ingredient, many foods can be sweetened with honey for better taste. You can mix tea and honey for sweet tea, soymilk dark chocolate and honey can be melted in a saucepan to make a delicious chocolate milk, and you can even put it on fruits and a healthier substitute to peanut butter (WHFoods). This is only the tip of the iceberg when it comes to foods that contain honey. obviously honey is sweet tasting and an excellent natural choice.

Citations Skin Care." //Health Benefits of Milk and Honey//. Ruraltech Services. Web. 22 Mar. 2011. .ody. It has been proven to, “improve the stamina of people.”      "A Few Quick Serving Ideas." //WHFoods: Honey//. The George Mateljan Foundation. Web. 22 Mar. 2011. .

1."What Would Happen to a Bee Colony If It Suddenly Lost Its Queen? | Answerbag." //Answerbag.com | Ask Questions, Get Answers, Find Information//. Web. 22 Mar. 2011. .

3. "How do Mees Make Honey? Web. 22 Mar. 2011. <"http://www.pa.msu.edu/sciencet/ask_st/073097.html>

__**10. What non-food products contain honey? Provide some interesting, little-known facts**__ Honey is used in skin care products. Honey cures constipation, Flatulence, and intestine disorders. It is also good for respiratory disorders such as a cold or a cough. Research has shown than milk and honey have higher activity on staphylococcus bacteria. __** Citations **__

"Health Benefits of Honey and Milk." //Welcome to Organic Facts//. Ruraltech Services, 2011. Web. 23 Mar. 2011. [|http://www.organicfacts.net/organic-animal products/organic-honey/health-benefits-of-honey-and-milk.html].

1."What Would Happen to a Bee Colony If It Suddenly Lost Its Queen? | Answerbag." //Answerbag.com | Ask Questions, Get Answers, Find Information//. Web. 22 Mar. 2011. .

3. "How do Mees Make Honey? Web. 22 Mar. 2011. <"http://www.pa.msu.edu/sciencet/ask_st/073097.html>

5. "Honey." //Nutrition Facts//. SelfNutritionData. Web. []. "Types of Honey." //The Nibble//. Great Food Finds, Feb. 2005. Web. []. 6. Auerbach, Paul S. "Bee Stings." //Survive Outdoors//. Google. Web. [].